It is widely understood that women are among the most vulnerable populations in violent conflict situations. They have therefore an even greater interest than men in preventing such conflicts and promoting peace. Women have initiated and led many inspiring initiatives in fields relating to the Disarmament for Development programme, such as small arms control, resistance to military bases, nuclear disarmament etc – and all manner of initiatives in the development field, notably the area known as ‘gender budgeting’. Women have also pioneered new approaches to gender equality through the many projects seeking to apply UN Security Council Resolution 1325 and its successors.